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留学文书20类:详解与范例

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留学文书20类:详解与范例


留学文书的种类:嘉文博译Writing Sample-1范例
本篇稿件用于申请Master of Architectural History(建筑学硕士)。客户提供中文稿件,嘉文博译完成英文译稿。

反时代 Anti-Era

   




反时代--与当下时代相反的时代。 这里相反的时代指已经消逝于历史中的过往时代。它铭记于人们的心中。 所谓反时代, 并非反对当下时代, 而是在现今时代,由一个点为起始重现真实的过往时代。 这里的真实也许是相对的,但确有一半是真实的。 人与物是时代的主体。 随着时代的前行, 人的思想及精神会随之发展。 这是自然的规律。 但物, 产生于或存留于过往时代的物, 即时代主体的另一半, 物质本身的固有属性不会有任何改变, 尽管它的物理属性会随着时间的推移而逐渐老化。 当下的反时代需要通过寻找过往来实现, 未来的反时代需要通过珍存一切能珍存的当下来实现。 未来的反时代我们无法在当下呈现, 毕竟当下还不能清晰的界定为历史, 但珍存的当下却会随着时间的推移成为未来的反时代。 与未来的反时代不同的是, 当下的反时代是可以在当下呈现的, 那么这个从哲学层面的理念设计出发的概念的真实呈现究竟是什么我们又如何使其呈现而让人们感知到呢?

    抽象的概念往往需要通过具象的实际来呈现才显得清晰。下面便是由一个点出发并逐渐放大的两个具象实际,他们可以看作是反时代在现实中初步的实际表达,同时也可以看作是对反时代初步的直观解释。

设 想 1

   
我们可以设想,20年前的今天,在世界上的任何一个国家,公共汽车在城市的大街上行驶,倘若就在那一天,我们把这量公共汽车开到一个仓库,把它从此封存起来,也就是将这个事物与时代的发展相分离。20年后的今天,我们把那量尘封许久的公共汽车开出来,打开仓库门的那一刻,它依然是那样保存的如此完好,没有丝毫的损坏。我们启动这量公共汽车,让它重新行使于大街上,行使的路线也与当年一模一样。无论是公共汽车本身,还是它的内部空间,都来自20年前,附着了那个时代的信息。

    与此同时,我们让当年的司机坐回他原来的位置,当年的小伙子如今已到了中年。而后,我们让当年的售票员坐回她原先的位置,当年的小女孩如今已成了妈妈。他们依然保存着对那个时代清晰的记忆,这量公共汽车对他们来说是那样的亲切。尽管他们的思想以及行为方式早已随着时代的前行而发展变化,但他们经历过那个时代,他们依然珍存着对那个时代的记忆。1路公共汽车缓缓启动,在它原先行使的那条路上,周围的一切对它来说是那么的陌生,但它发现自己并没有丝毫的改变,只是齿轮上多了一丝锈迹。让它很欣慰的是,它的老搭档,司机师傅和售票员依然是那么亲切与熟悉,只是他们的面容不像原先那样年轻。汽车慢慢驶入站台,站台上等车的人不多,一位老人,一个年轻人,还有一个孩子,他们恰巧是出生于三个不同时代的人。那位老人,看着那量缓缓驶来的1路汽车,脸上露出惊讶的表情,它的出现对他来说是那么的出乎意料而又难以置信,再仔细看,他的眼里已满含泪水,我能真切地感受到他的那份感动。那个年轻人,看着远远驶来的公共汽车,似乎有一种似曾相识的感觉,仔细想一想,虽然记忆有些模糊,但他依然记得小时候,爸爸每天早上送他去幼儿园都要挤一量老式的公共汽车,有一次爸爸的钱包还被挤丢了,没错儿,就是它,年轻人的脸上先是有一丝疑惑,而后又露出了儿时的微笑。那个孩子,看到这量公共汽车慢慢驶来,显得好奇而又兴奋,他之前从没见过这样的公共汽车,它是那么的特别,他迫不及待的等待着汽车的进站,纯真的脸上难掩对这个新鲜事物的喜爱。汽车停稳,老人年轻人与孩子依次登上了这量承载着他们梦想的公共汽车,与它一起驶向20年前真实的过往时代。

设想 2

    我们可以设想,20年前的今天,在世界上的任何一个国家,在世界上的任何一个城市,一家人,爸爸妈妈与孩子,居住在一个普通的不能再普通的居民楼里。房子虽然不大,但一家人的生活却很温馨。时间过的很快,转眼间一家人已经在这里生活了10年。在这期间,整个城市整个国家都发生了巨大的变化,一家人的生活也发生了很大变化。在这10年里,在这间房子里发生了很多很多事情,有欢笑,有泪水,有甜蜜,有沉闷。爸爸妈妈的头上多了一丝白发,精力也不像原来那样充沛。孩子也一天天长大,由小学升入了初中,又由初中升入了高中。在这里生活了整整10年后,也就是10年前的今天,爸爸决定,全家搬到离市中心稍远的新房,那里的环境更好,生活空间也更大。尽管这间全家人居住了10年的老房子,面积不大,生活空间也很局促,但它却保存了全家人在这里生活的一个时代,保存了一个时代的记忆。就在10年前的今天,在一家人即将搬走的那一天,爸爸决定,不带走这里的一样东西,就让它们静静的停留在这里,停留在那个时代。那台老式的电视机依然驻足在那里,不愿意移动半步,在那个朴素的年代,正是它的存在,给一家人带来了许多欢笑。那台老式录像机同样停留在那里,就在电视机的下面。在它旁边,依然整齐的码放着一盘盘录像带。正是他们,珍存了一段段时代的影响记忆。书柜里,再也挤不下一本图书,各式各样的书籍是爸爸的最爱,他们的存在,让爸爸每天晚上的生活变得更加充实。在书柜旁的一个大箱子里,存放着一本本旧杂志,一张张旧报纸,他们同样低调的记录了那个时代的点点滴滴。不经意抽出一张报纸,不知是何年何月,再仔细阅读一则则新闻,脸上不经意露出一丝微笑,那时光怪陆离的新鲜事物,现在却是那么的习以为常。孩子的书桌上堆满了教科书和笔记本,多少个不眠之夜,孩子静静的守在书桌前,不停的写,不停的算,不停的想,有时甚至趴在那里睡到天亮却浑然不知,同样一直守在书桌上的那个老式台灯见证了孩子的耕耘与收获。书桌的某一层抽屉里,珍存了孩子历年来所收到的同学们送的圣诞贺卡与新年贺卡,那些可是他的宝贝,他们此时已经不只是一张张贺卡,而是一段段记忆,一份份友谊。让他印象深刻的是一个初中时坐在他后面的女孩儿在他生日时送给他的一张小小的贺卡,他还清晰的记得卡片上画的是一个小辣椒,这张卡片之所以另他如此难忘,是因为在他心里,那张卡片不仅仅传递了一份真挚的友谊,与此同时似乎还隐约的记录着一份朦胧。一家人走出这间房子的那一刻,是那么的不舍,当爸爸最终锁上房门的那一刻,他知道,他不仅封存了一个房子,而且更重要的是,他封存了一个时代。

    也许你很难想象它的价值,因为在那时它并不突显,但随着时代的发展时间的推移,这份价值会悄无声息的漫漫累积,若干年后,也就是当我们可以清晰的将那段时光界定为一个历史时代的时候,它的存在将是不可思议而难以置信的。正是它的存在,让曾经经历过那个时代以及没有经历过那个时代的人有机会进入历史,触摸历史,感受历史,在当下时代感受真实的过往,反时代的意义便在于此。那么这份价值是怎样真实而直观的呈现出来的呢?它呈现于10年后的今天,当一家人的那段时代记忆早已被时光的飞逝与平日的匆忙所掩埋的时候,当爸爸带着全家再一次回到那个曾经住了10年的老房子时,当妈妈用那把生锈的钥匙打开房门的那一刻,爸爸妈妈眼神中流露出的那份真实的感动,孩子脸上露出的连自己都早已忘却的天真的笑容,告诉了我们一切。当一家人走进房门的那一刻,所有的感受来得更加迅猛,更加深沉。爸爸打开电视和录像机,坐在那张老沙发上,看起那时的录影带,一幕幕记忆中的影像让爸爸的心久久不能平静。妈妈打开衣柜,那些早已被忘却的朴素的不能再朴素的衣服被叠得整整齐齐,看着这一件件衣服,妈妈想起了很多很多。孩子坐回他的书桌前,打开那层抽屉,寻找着记忆中的那份朦胧。此时,爸爸妈妈和孩子与这里的一切一同融化在了那个时代。

    如果说那量公共汽车是承载了一个时代的公共空间,那么这间房子就是承载了一个时代的私人空间。反时代不仅可以在公共空间真实的呈现,而且可以在私人空间真实的呈现。这是因为,时代是由携带信息的原子组成的,尽管这些原子所构成的物质不同,但他们却都携带着那个时代的信息,而那个时代的信息却是被当时的所有人共享的,所以任何一个经历过那个时代的人都能够由那些携带共同时代信息的原子所组成的不同物质来感知触摸并融化在那个时代。进一步设想,当一家人决定把这个私人空间打开,使其与所有经历过或是没经历过那个时代的人共同分享的时候,它的价值将得到进一步的放大,反时代的意义才得到更为准确地体现。我们可以设想,当那些经历过或是没经历过那个时代的人,这里包括老人,年轻人和孩子,当他们不经意间发现这样一个空间的时候,当他们因为兴奋与好奇来到这间房子踏入房门的那一刻,他们的出乎意料喜出望外难以置信的程度要比那一家人来得更为迅猛而强烈,他们将为能有机会进入感受触摸并融化在20年前真实的过往时代而感到欣慰和感动。

结束语

    以上便是由一个点出发的最初的两个具象实际,而这一切只是开始,遵循我最初的在哲学层面上的理念设计,反时代在现实中的呈现,也就是具象实际,将会进一步放大到,单体建筑,建筑群落,城市,国家。与此同时,反时代的价值将得到进一步的放大,反时代的意义也将得到更为深入而准确地体现。

    所谓反时代,就是在当下时代重现真实的过往时代。这是一个在我的脑海中潜伏多年的思考,这是一个在哲学层面上进行的理念设计。反时代的价值是在当下时代给人们创造了一个能够回到过往时代的机会。反时代的意义是满足了人们脑海中普遍存在的而又原本在现实中无法实现的渴望。反时代的目的是为人民服务,满足人们在精神层面上从来没有被满足过的某种需要。思考反时代只是一个开始,研究反时代,实现反时代,是我在未来10年甚至更长的时间里想要做的事,它是发自内心的。

 


Introduction

Anti-era is often taken as an era that runs counter to or is opposed to the present era. However, the so-called anti-era under discussion actually refers to the era that has taken long precedence over the current era, one which has already vanished in history. It exists only in human memories. My notion of anti-era is not that the era in question is against the present era. It is an era located in the present, a recapitulation and representation of a past era that truly existed, by means of a time regression starting from a particular point at present. Here, truth and reality are to a large extent relative, but nevertheless semi-real and semi-true. Human beings and the things around them are the subjects of the era. With the advances of the ages, human intellect and human thoughts also develop. This is the law of nature. But the physical objects, the things, produced and preserved in the past era and transmitted to us, and constituting the other half of the subject of the era, would not undergo any change due to the inherent properties of the physical substances themselves, although their physical properties would become obsolete with the lapse of time. The current anti-era can be reconstructed by a search for the past, and the future anti-eras can be represented by conserving and preserving all that can be conserved and preserved in the present. We are unable to project the future anti-eras at the present because the present cannot be unequivocally defined as the historical past. Yet, the present, when well conserved and preserved, can become anti-eras in the future with the due lapse of time. Contrary from the future anti-eras, the present anti-era is subject to reconstruction. Then, what will this true representation of idea be like, a representation that starts from a conceptual design on the philosophical level? In what ways can we present it so that it can be perceived by other people?

Abstract ideas or concepts can be made clear usually by concrete and tangible realities. The following are two concrete realistic situations that start from a certain point and are gradually amplified. They can be seen as tentative and true expressions of the anti-era in the present reality. They can also be taken as an initial intuitive interpretation of the anti-era.

Conception 1

We can conceive a scene like this. On a particular “today” 20 years ago, in any typical country in the world, a bus was driving in the street of a city. If on that particular day, we drove the bus into a warehouse and sealed it up there, we insulated the bus as an object from the advancement of the ages. On this particular day 20 years later, right now, we are to drive that long sealed up bus back to the street. On opening the door of the warehouse, we can see that it is so well preserved that it remains virtually intact. We start its engine, drive onto the street again, exactly along the same route as 20 years ago. Not only the bus itself but also the spaces within all come from 20 years ago, fraught with the information and messages of that age.

Meanwhile, we bring the same driver back to work where he used to work. What was a young man has now become a middle-aged person. Then, we bring back the same conductor and let her sit in the seat where she used to sit. The only difference is that the former young girl has now become a mother of three children. They still retain vivid memories of the age they worked, and the bus has remained as friendly as it was before. Although their thoughts and way of behavior have changed considerably with the progression of the age, they have still kept alive the fond memories of that age, having lived and experienced the age. This Route 1 Bus starts slowly, goes along its former route, but everything around it now seems so strange to it. But it finds that it has not changed in any way, save for a few marks of stain on its wheels. To its pleasant surprise, its old buddies, the driver and the conductor, are as cordial, amicable, and familiar as before. The only difference is that they do no look as young as they used to be. The bus gradually comes into a bus-stop and pulls up, there are not many people waiting to board the bus, just an old woman, a young man, and a small boy. By pure coincidence, they are three people born in three different ages. The old woman, seeing the Route 1 Bus slowing coming to the station, was filled with amazement on her face. Its emergence seems so unexpected and incredible to her. If we take another look at her, we can see that her eyes are full of tears. I can truly understand how she feels and how touched she is. As for the young man, seeing the bus coming closer to him, he seems to have some faint reminiscences. He tries very hard to recall the past, but his memories are fragmented and vague. But there is one thing that he is most sure about, that is, every morning his Dad would take an old-fashioned bus with him and take him to the kindergarten. One day, his Dad’s wallet got lost on this very bus, perhaps was stolen. Yeah, there is no mistake about it. This is it, indeed. Soon, the look of confusion on this young man’s face gives way to an innocent broad smile, the smile that he used to give when he was a kid. Finally, if we look at the small boy, he is so curious and excited to see the bus slowly coming near. He has never seen such a bus before and it appears to be so different and special. He is inpatient to board the bus. The look on his innocent face shows that he is so fond of this novel object. As the bus stands still, the old woman, the young man and the small boy board the bus one after another, in a single file. The bus, carrying with it the dreams of everyone on board, drives into a real past that is 20 years ago.

Conception 2

We can also conceive that on a particular “today” 20 years ago, in any typical city of any particular country in the world, there was a family, the Dad, Mom, and a child, living in an ordinary apartment building, a building that could not be more ordinary. The apartment was not too big, but good enough to allow the family to live a comfortable and happy life. But how time flew! As if all of a sudden, the family had been living there for a decade during which the city, as elsewhere across the country, had undergone tremendous changes. The life of this family had accordingly changed a great deal. In those ten years, many things happened in this apartment—there had been joyful laughter, tears, sweet moments and dull hours. For the Dad and Mom, more and more of their hair had turned grey and they were no longer as energetic as they used to be. The child was growing, receiving education from the primary school, the middle school and then the high school. On a particular day after living there for ten full years, that is, exactly on this particular day ten years ago, Dad decided to relocate, to live in a new house which is somewhat more removed from the city’s downtown area. There, the environment was better and there would be more open space. Although the old apartment the family had been living in was not so spacious, it was a miniature of the whole family’s life for a whole age and all the memories were preserved there. On a particular “today” ten years ago, on the day when the family was to move away, the Dad decided not to take away any of the items. Instead, they would leave them where they were, without giving them any disturbance and allowing them to halt exactly at that era. That outmoded TV set stood where it was, without moving one inch away from its old position. It was precisely because of this homely TV set that brought joy and laughter to the family. Together with the TV set, an old-fashioned VCR was also left there, right under the TV set. By the side of the VCR, a whole array of cassettes was still kept in neat order. The cassettes contained many episodes of their memories of the past decade. The bookshelf was too full to allow for even one more book. Books of all kinds were what the Dad loved most, as their existence had enriched Dad’s life every evening. By the side of the bookshelf was a huge box which contained old magazines and newspapers. In their low profile, they recorded bits and pieces of the age. You can randomly pick up a newspaper, and it does not matter on which day it was published, and read each piece of news carefully, your face would gave a casual smile. What was considered novel and strange has now become ordinary and common. On the child’s desk, there were heaps of textbooks and notebooks. For many sleepless nights, the child sat quietly in front of the desk, writing, calculating, and thinking. On several occasions, the child even slept there by bending over the desk, unaware that he had spent the whole night there. An old-fashioned desk lamp also stood there dutifully, bearing witness to all the efforts and the achievements the child had made. In a certain drawer in the bookcase were preserved all the Christmas cards and New Year cards that the child had received from his classmates. Those were his most prized items. They were no longer the cards in the ordinary sense, but were pieces of remembrances and friendship. Among those, the most memorable was a small greeting card that a little girl sitting behind him sent him during the middle school, to give her greetings on his birthday. He could clearly remember that the little girl painted a small cayenne pepper inside the card. This little card produced such an indelible memory in him because he could feel inside his heart that the card not only conveyed a true friendship but also some kind of vague allusions. When the entire family came out of the apartment, they were engulfed in an overwhelming sense of nostalgia. When the Dad finally locked the apartment, he knew that what he had locked up was not only an apartment but also, more importantly, a whole age.

Perhaps it is hard for you to imagine how valuable the apartment could be, because at that time its value was not so prominent. But with the lapse of the time and the advances of the age, the apartment would gradually, although quietly, accumulate its value until a certain number of years later, that is, when we can clearly define that period of time as a historical era, its existence would be incredible and unimaginable. It is precisely because of its existence that so many people, including those who experienced that particular age and those who did not, can have a chance to walk into history, to feel history and to perceive history, to experience the truthfulness of the past at this very present moment. Here exactly lies the significance of anti-era. Then, how is its value presented to us so truly and directly? It is presented to us on this very day ten years later when the whole family’s memories of that particular era have almost been completely erased by the rapid lapse of time and monotonous but busy day-to-day affairs. The Dad brings the whole family back to the old apartment where they lived for ten years. When the Mom opens the lock with a rusty key, the moment when the door is opened, both the Mom and the Dad give the look of being truly touched in their eyes and on the face of the child, too, there comes a big innocent smile which he himself has not had for such a long time. All the looks on their faces have told us everything. The moment that the entire family enters the apartment, all the feelings and perceptions have come to them most abruptly and most profoundly. The Dad turns on the TV and the VCR, sits on the old sofa, and starts to watch the video about the good old times. The pictorial images recalling memories of the different moments of the past leave the Dad greatly moved. Mom opens the closet, revealing those long-forgotten simple and ordinary clothes still neatly folded and well preserved there. The sight at all those clothes brings a long train of thoughts into Mom’s mind. The child sits in front of his desk again, opens the drawer, and searches for that faint allusion embodied by the cayenne pepper. At this exact moment, the Dad, Mom, child and everything in the apartment, including the apartment itself, are all fused within that era.

If we say that the bus carries inside it the public space of a particular age, then we can say that the apartment carries within it the private space of a particular era. Anti-era can be revealed realistically not only in the public space but also in the private space. This is because an era is comprised of the atoms that carry information inside them, although those atoms combine to constitute different substances and objects. Nevertheless, they all carry messages of that age, and the messages of that age were shared by everyone who lived in that age. Therefore, everyone who lived through that age can perceive and become part of that age by means of feeling and touching the different physical entities made up by the atoms that contain the information of that age. We can further imagine that when the entire family decides to open their private space and to let all people, those who experienced the age and those who did not, share their private space, the value of the space will surely be significantly augmented. The meaning of the anti-era will be more accurately incorporated. We can imagine how all people, those who experienced the age and those who did not, among whom there are old people, young people and kids, would react when they come across this space totally by accident. When they enter the apartment , led by the curiosity and the excitement about this apartment, on that particular moment when they step inside, the degree of their unexpectedness, incredulousness and pleasant surprise would be more abrupt and more profound that that of the family who lived there. They will feel greatly moved and honored for having the chance to feel, to touch and be part of the truthfulness of a historical past which happened 20 years ago

Conclusion

The foregoing descriptions are two tentative situations of concrete and realistic existence that emanates from a certain point in time and space. They only serve as a tentative beginning, following my initial conceptual design on the philosophical level. The incarnation of the anti-era in our present reality, that is, their concrete and tangible existence, will be further expanded to encompass an individual building, an individual architectural complex, an individual city and an individual country. In the process, the value of the anti-era will also be further enlarged, and the meaning of the anti-era will be embodied more profoundly and accurately.

It should be clear by now that the so-called anti-era is a true reconstruction and representation of the historical past within our present-day reality. This is an idea that has been inside my mind for many years and it is veritably a conceptual design on a philosophical level. The anti-era is valuable in that it provides points of entry for people located in the present era to go back into history. Its value lies in the satisfaction of the desire widely cherished by people inside their mind which would otherwise be impossible to fulfill. The purpose of the anti-ear is to serve people and the needs they develop on the spiritual level that have never been satisfied. To reflect on the anti-era is just my starting point. To do research on the anti-era and to bring the anti-era into reality will constitute my mission for the next ten or 15 years from now. This is an impulse arising from the innermost recesses of my mind; hence, it is totally spontaneous.






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